vim

To install the standard vi package on Ubuntu

To add clipboard option to vim

1. Normal/navigation mode: This is the default mode, when you open a file. You can only run commands but cannot type text directly.
2. Insert mode: You can edit the text, but you cannot run commands. To enter this mode from the normal mode, press "i", to exit the insert mode (go back to the normal mode), press "Esc".
3. Command mode: If you press ":" in the normal mode, it opens the command prompt. Command prompt is used to run extended commands. The extended commands in this tutorial start with ":".
4. Visual mode: You can select and copy to the clipboard. The visual mode has three options. Press v in the command mode, to select a text character by character. Press V to select the whole line, and press ctrl+v to select columns (rectangular block). Esc/cntrl+c to exit the visual mode.

1. Window is a viewport into a buffer. You can have multiple windows showing the same buffer, for example using window splits. Windows live inside a tab. Use windows when when you want to compare files, edit multiple files at once, or see code + test + documentation at the same time.
2. Tab is a collection of window or windows (it is different from the browser tab with a single page). Use tabs when you want separate workspaces, different split layouts for different tasks or if you want to switch projects quickly.

1. "unnamed register ("") default register used for most operations. If you don't specify a register, Vim uses this one automatically.
2. "0 yank register that stores the most recent yank operation (last yank, y command). Deleting does NOT overwrite register 0. Useful because you can yank something, delete something else, and still paste the yanked text.
3. "1 to "9 numbered registers that store the most recent delete operations (with "1 being the most recent). Vim rotates these when you delete text using d, c, or x. Examples: First delete goes into register 1. Second delete moves old register 1 to register 2, up to register 9.
4. "a ~ "z named registers are user-controlled registers, allows for manual storage and retrieval of text. It is possible to append to these registers as well, using capital letters, for example, "Ayy appends to register a.
5. ., %, : read-Only registers, you cannot write to these registers; you can only read from them.
6. (=) expression Register, lets you evaluate expressions or insert the result of a calculation. Example: insert the result of 5 * 8: Ctrl-r =5*8, or use in normal mode: "=5*8p pastes 40.
* and + selection registers. These relate to the system clipboard, used by GUI vim clipboard support.
7. _ black hole register, deletes text without storing it anywhere. Useful when you don't want to overwrite the unnamed register.
8. - small-delete register, stores small deletes (less than one line). Useful for single character deletions that you might want to paste later without affecting larger deletions.
9. / last search register, holds the most recent search pattern.

• \m: Magic, (default) Most regex characters are special.
• \M: Nomagic, Only ^ and $ are special; everything else is literal unless escaped.
• \v Very Magic, almost all regex symbols are special — minimal escaping needed (easiest to use).
• \V Very nomagic, almost nothing is special — almost all characters are literal.